The practicality of manipulating h-index calculators by spoofing Google Scholar was demonstrated in 2010 by Cyril Labbe from Joseph Fourier University, who managed to rank "Ike Antkare" ahead of Albert Einstein by means of a large set of SCIgen-produced documents citing each other (effectively an academic link farm). However, a 2014 study estimates that Google Scholar can find almost 90% (approximately 100 million) of all scholarly documents on the Web written in English. A study looking at the biomedical field found citation information in Google Scholar to be "sometimes inadequate, and less often updated". Users can search and read published opinions of US state appellate and supreme court cases since 1950, US federal district, appellate, tax, and bankruptcy courts since 1923 and US Supreme Court cases since 1791. Google Scholar automatically calculates and displays the individual's total citation count, h-index, and i10-index. It is this feature in particular that provides the citation indexing previously only found in CiteSeer, Scopus, and Web of Science.
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It searches academic publishers, online repositories, universities and other websites. Before using information you find on the internet for assignments and research, it is important to judge its accuracy and to establish that the information comes from a reliable and appropriate source. Google Books provides access to millions of scanned books. There will be times when full text of an e-journal article or book chapter is not available from the Library. Always check with the Library before making any payment to access an article as you may actually be entitled to FREE access.
Documenting your search
We recommend that RCN members set Google Scholar to show RCN library content. There are some tips below to help you search more effectively and find relevant results. If the Library doesn’t have a copy, check if another library has it and then request a copy from Interlibrary Loans. When this happens, visiting another library that holds the item, or requesting an Inter-Library Loan, may be an option. Advice to help you optimise use of Google Scholar, Google Books and Google for your research and study.
Books, journals and databases
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Using the "my library" feature in Google scholar
In the results list entry, click on the quotation marks to get a suggested APA reference and/or to download the entry to EndNote or Zotero. You can search for words in the title of an item, specific phrases, in a specific publication and by author names. The Advanced search found on the menu icon (three small horizontal lines) on the left side provides pre-set options for quicker searching.
- Google Scholar tries to provide links to free versions, when possible.
- Appended labels will appear at the end of the article titles.
- These researchers concluded that citation counts from Google Scholar should be used with care, especially when used to calculate performance metrics such as the h-index or impact factor, which is in itself a poor predictor of article quality.
- Learn how to avoid getting locked out of your account.
- Find out more about securely signing in.
- Learn how to sign in on a device that’s not yours.
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It's all done automatically, but most of the search results tend to be reliable scholarly sources. These researchers concluded that citation counts from Google Scholar should be used with care, especially when used to calculate performance metrics such as the h-index or impact factor, which is in itself a poor predictor of article quality. Large-scale longitudinal studies have found between 40 and 60 percent of scientific articles are available in full text via Google Scholar links. Elsevier journals have been included since mid-2007, when Elsevier began to make most of its ScienceDirect content available to Google Scholar and Google's web search. Google Scholar does not publish a list of journals crawled or publishers included, and the frequency of its updates is uncertain.
- Once you’ve signed in, check your email by opening your inbox.
- A Google Account gives you access to many Google products.
- A search using “self-driving cars 2015,” for example, will return articles or books published in 2015.
- Once you have found an item of interest to you in the results list, you can use functionality within Google Scholar to find similar items.
- Research has shown that Google Scholar puts high weight especially on citation counts, as well as words included in a document’s title.
This will often be necessary as Google Scholar citation data is often faulty. Appended labels will appear at the end of the article titles. These can be useful if you are not using a full academic reference manager. This feature is available by clicking on the hamburger menu in the upper left and selecting the "Advanced search" menu item.